The Black Plague Essays - Plague, Second Plague Pandemic, Epidemics

The Black Plague Essays - Plague, Second Plague Pandemic, Epidemics The Black Plague : From the early fourteenth to late seventeenth century, Europe was decimated by one of the most horrifying pestilence's human kind has ever known(Coulton 493). The killer's name was later to be recognized by the detrimental consummation it had seized upon a person's life. It was known as the Black Plague. This terrible epidemic exhausted small towns across Europe, including the British Isles, brutally killing an incredulous amount of people. The disease had wiped out entire villages leaving dead bodies to decompose within the gutters of streets and corners of allies(Ziegler 17). Though people were introduced to the severity of the plague, they were still mystified as to the causes of the deadly disease. Because of this fact, a parade of unconfirmed myths and questionable facts had arisen concerning the sources of the abhorrent epidemic for over five centuries(Coulton 493). In the nineteenth century, the causes of the terrifying pestilence was discovered and the Black Death was no longer a conundrum. One myth, of the origin of the deadly plague was said to be a result of medieval gas warfare. Yet another myth, stated that the murderous disease was an aftereffect of a great earthquake that occurred in Europe. Scientists even believed that the epidemic was caused by Paolilli 2 heaps of unburned corpses left in churchyards(Beatty and Marks 80). The last proven cause of the pestilence was found to be a disease of rats and other related animals(Rowling 186). One of the myths as to the cause of the Black Plague is quite an unusual story that was formed by peoples unexplainable imaginations. One of the probable derivations of the epidemic supposedly was born in a terrible war that had occurred between the deadly waters of the Indian Ocean and the sun(Ziegler 14). The immense waters of the treacherous blue ocean were lifted up like a solid wall of concrete to fight the flaming sun. As the wall stood in the midst of the air still touching the base of the water, dangerous vapors began to disperse from the water. The high winds spurred the poisonous fumes spurred out in every direction(Ziegler 14). The plague reached the nearby lands and the epidemic began to take it's murderous route. This myth arose from small villages as people spread rumor after rumor from the stories they had once heard as to the unexplainable causes of the plague. Though this tale is entirely nonsensical, people were still mystified because of the secrecy as to the causes that they were eager to believe any explanation that there was to offer concerning the deadly plague. Paolilli 3 Another myth, as to the beginning of the dreadful virus, is it arose from poisonous fumes as a direct result of earthquakes that occurred during the Medieval times. It was stated that a horrendous amount of pressure had been building up underneath the Earth for several years(Ziegler 21). Poisonous gases then began to stir amongst each other. Then terrible earthquakes had rocked Europe and the poisonous fumes, that were once enclosed by the several layers of earth, were now being released through cracks into the atmosphere. This viperous cloud streamed across Europe and killed each individual who it met(Ziegler 21). Next, it was stated that the epidemic was caused by innumerable layers of unburned corpses that were left in churchyards(Beatty and Marks 81). A man named Galen had stated, The infection arose from 'Inspiration of air infected with a putrid exhalation. The beginning of the putrescence may be a multitude of unburned corpses, as may happen in war; or the exhalations of marshes and ponds in the summer?'(Ziegler 22). A Dr. Crighton also supported the findings that the plague had originated within the piles of dead corpses that were left unburied. He stated that specific incidents that would explain the tremendous amount of people left dead are directly related to the tragedies that had struck Paolilli 4 China(Ziegler 24). He also concluded that, the probable reason why there was such a high death rate among church affiliated persons is the dead were buried in churchyards where the priests and monks lived close to. The church related people had obtained cadaveric poisoning from the enormous amount of dead bodies and diseases

A Profile of Paul Williams, Architect to the Stars

A Profile of Paul Williams, Architect to the Stars During an age when racial prejudice ran strong, Paul Revere Williams (born February 18, 1894 in Los Angeles) overcame barriers and became a favored architect in Southern California. In 1923, he was the first Black architect to become a member of the national professional organization, the American Institute of Architects (AIA), and he rose to become a Fellow in 1957 (FAIA). In 2017, Williams posthumously received the Institutes highest honor, the AIA Gold Medal. Paul Williams was orphaned when he was four - his brother and parents died of tuberculosis - but his artistic talents were supported and encouraged by his new foster family. His non-Black public school teachers, however, gave little encouragement to Williams, citing the perceived difficulties of a Negro pursuing an architecture career within a largely white community. Nevertheless, he enrolled in the local engineering school and graduated in 1919 from the University of Southern California. He went on to New York City to become one of the first Black students to attend the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design, an architectural experience modeled after the curriculum of the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Williams was ambitious and self-assured after such rigorous study and especially after winning an important architecture competition when he was only 25. He opened his own practice back in LA when he was 28. As a Black American, Paul Williams faced many social and economic barriers. Williams clients were mostly white. In the moment that they met me and discovered they were dealing with a Negro, I could see many of them freeze, he wrote in American Magazine. My success during those first few years was founded largely upon my willingness - anxiety would be a better word - to accept commissions which were rejected as too small by other, more favored, architects. Much of what we know about Williams process is from this 1937 essay, I Am a Negro. He took to heart what he had been told about clients - that Black people couldnt afford architects and white people wouldnt hire a Black architect. So, he developed tricks to be less intrusive, almost subservient to potential white clients - most famously, he elegantly sketched upside-down to showcase his ideas to white clients while maintaining a physical distance. Perhaps it is this understanding of space that made this architect so successful. He used both physical and psychological tactics - he would consciously stand in a non-threatening posture with both hands behind his back while explaining that he normally doesnt take on projects in the lower price ranges, but hed be glad to offer some ideas. Williams most famously has said If I allow the fact that I am a Negro to checkmate my will to do, now, I will inevitably form the habit of being defeated. Being Black in a segregated industry led Paul Williams to develop salesmanship and become politically active. He joined the Los Angeles Planning Commission and he became the first Black member of the American Institute of Architects (AIA). In 1957, he was the first Black architect elected to the prestigious AIA College of Fellows (FAIA). Paul Williams collaborated with other architects on many of his larger, public projects, most famously for his role in designing the Theme Building at Los Angeles International Airport (LAX). Some of Williams projects were with architect A. Quincy Jones, who worked with Williams from 1939 to 1940. Although the iconic, futuristic LAX structure is high profile architecture, Williams designed thousands of private homes in Southern California - many of the most beautiful houses in Hollywood are sold an resold to the ongoing star-making machine surrounding Hollywood. Williams designed homes for Lucille Ball, Bert Lahr, and Frank Sinatra, and he became close friends with Danny Thomas, for whom he did pro bono work for St. Jude Childrens Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee. While there is no one distinctive look to his buildings, Paul Williams became known for designs that were stylized and elegant. The architect borrowed ideas from the past without using excessive ornamentation. He could make a Tudor Revival mansion look like a manor house on the outside and a cozy bungalow on the inside. Paul Revere Williams retired in 1973 and died in the city of his birth on January 23, 1980 in Los Angeles, California. Although few documents from his practice have survived, architectural scholars have compiled extensive records of Paul Williams life and works, including contracts, letters from clients, plans, and materials related to specific projects. Photographs, bibliographies, and other resources are posted online by the Paul R. Williams Project, coordinated by AIA Memphis, the University of Memphis, and other organizations. In the 1940s, Williams published two small books of plans that have remained in print. Also, author Karen E. Hudson, the granddaughter of the architect, has been documenting Williams life and work. The Small Home of Tomorrow by Paul R. WilliamsNew Homes for Today by Paul R. WilliamsPaul R. Williams Architect: a legacy of style by Karen Hudson, Rizzoli, 2000The Will and the Way: Paul R. Williams, Architect by Karen Hudson, Rizzoli, 1994 (for ages 8-12)Paul R. Williams: Classic Hollywood Style by Karen Hudson, Rizzoli, 2012 Sources Early African-American Members of the AIA (PDF); 2017 AIA Gold Medal, AIA.org; Architect of Hope, St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital; Williams the Conqueror by Shashank Bengali, University of Southern California Public Relations, 2/01/04

International Business Practice Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

International Business Practice - Assignment Example Trade creation occurs when domestic production is substituted with imports from member states; sometimes it entails the condition of a less efficient system, albeit there is reduction in trade transaction costs. However, trade diversion occurs when it is carried out with member states. Whereas, earlier, trade was being carried out with other countries outside the Union. The portion of trade that was carried out with other countries or states is now diverted to member states under preferential trade agreements and due to this, trade diversion occurs. There are several reasons why countries resort to signing PTA; the main reasons are as follows: The underlying influence of Europe: The shift of the American Position Unbalanced nature of current multilateral trade regime and utmost dissatisfaction with it. Besides modern trade barriers are much more complicated in multilateral settings and most countries find it easier to deal with regional or sectoral trade. Failure of the World Trade O rganization (WTO) to become a major stabilizing force in global trade It is now necessary to consider each of these aspects individually and separately. The underlying influence of Europe: The influence of the European Community (EC) now known as the European Union has indeed been formidable. Although it faced several setbacks during 1992, it was successful in overcoming mighty odds in its search for regional trade co-operation The EU has been able to achieve despite the challenges it had to face, a major expansion of the European community, in terms of scope, depth and geographical coverage. â€Å"This success has undoubtedly had a demonstration effect, encouraging emulation in the form of regional initiatives in other parts of the world† (Frankel, 1977, P.5). The influence of the EU on setting up of several regional PTAs has indeed been reassuring, especially in the case of PTAs like the European Free Trade Association, (EFTA), Andean Group, Mercosur and ASEAN. The shift of the American Position: With Europe entering into progressive trade unionism ostensibly to avoid the prospects of further wars, America now needed to adopt a stance of its own, although without confronting the EC plans. It turned towards geo-political solutions and â€Å"proposing a new round of liberalization negotiations in the GATT so as to keep the momentum in the multilateral direction.† (Frankel, 1977, P.5). Since then American policies have shifted from multilateralism to regional trade partnership, which is quite evident from the US -Israel Free trade agreement and the Caribbean Basin initiative. â€Å"Where the Americans had previously reacted multilaterally to European action on the regional front, now they reacted regionally to European Action on the multilateral front† (Frankel, 1977, P.5). The American policies were clear cut and transparent – if the multilateral routes were closed, they were ready to explore regional routes for trade development an d believed that the breakdown of such barriers was essential for trade to flourish. There were several factors that contributed to the US trade policy. The first being that over the few decades, the US had lost global hegemony it had enjoyed since World War II, and its trade position has slipped down alarmingly in recent years. Secondly, the EU has been a strong economic and trade force in Europe and has matched US supremacy. Under such circumstances, the

Naturalistic Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Naturalistic Philosophy - Essay Example Plot characters development showed the degree of control that man had over their destiny. American realizes that the power of outside forces is what limited humanity’s freedom of choice, to them individuals had no choice since their lives dedicated to only hereditary and external environment. To naturalists, humanity was helpless and wholly dependent on nature’s favors. American naturalism got to its peak at around the beginning of the nineteenth century. Charles Darwin’s theory of phylogeny also played a great role. Malcolm Cowley states that years between the first and second world wars were a flourishing time for the American writers. American literature had attained a new maturity and an abundant diversity. Marked by the publication of several works? It was at this time that memorable works published though they were not up to standard an excellent number became influential and were later in time criticized. Most novels that were written around this time majorly based on the war that had just ended. It was only by means of civil war that the young country could achieve both unification and peace. Stephen Cranes, The Red Badge of Courage, illustrates an actual description of fighting in the civil war that ended up leading their country to victory. Novels about the war have been the most reliable ways of writing about the war life. Some permeated with a lot of protests, therefore, they were named war books in general. In the history of America, war writings are considered to have taken a greater part of the portion when all books put together. It was around this time that Stephen Crane’s The Red Budge was written and published for the first time. Its location is the battlefield, Crane attempted to explain and draw the picture of what was happening during the war and in the lives of the soldiers.  

Economy of the United States Before During and After World War Ii Essay Example for Free

Economy of the United States Before During and After World War Ii Essay They were also encouraged to ration their food and gas, and often grew Liberty Gardens. Unfortunately, World War II also made the American Government used to relying on deficit spending (government spending of borrowed money), causing economic problems that still linger today. Thats all I have. Hope it helps! Everything listed above is definatly true to a point, Im a history major who has to answer this question for an exam later this week so I thought Id help add some more information for the people who are looking WWII was an expensive war, it would cost $304 billion just to finance it. For this reason the governmnet pushed war bonds which encouraged common people to help support the war both with their money and with their hearts. From the get go the war was marketed to the common people, proven by the use of popular movie stars in the promotion of War fund-raising and compliance with governmnet measures. After pearl harbor, the American people were ready to pour everything they had into the war effort. Women donated thousands of tons of aluminum cooking supplies to help build planes though it was later found that only virgin aluminum was good enough for aircraft and so their pots and pans were melted down and sold back to them as pots and pans. In the first months of the war Washington was a mess, and mobilization was slow. This is because our governmnet is not made to act swiftly, it was designed to take time and thought before any decision can be made. Scrap drives were unorganized and so were the efforts of the common people. Those who could not physically join the armed forces wanted to know what they could do to help but the governmnet expected little more from them than the purchasing of war bonds and for them to practice conservation of goods. Other items which were recycled included bone and fats which were used in making explosives and other materials. One of the greatest failures of American govenmnet was the policies which did not encourage the full use of all of the American people. While Rosie the Riveter posers might make it seem that women were begged to help in factories, the truth is that Americans tried to keep the women home for as long as possible before labor shortages around 1943 made it nessisary for factories to stop policies of discrimination. Comming out of the Depression, America had 9 million men that needed jobs. Each and every one was employed before women and minorities were given a chance to go to work. Even more difficult than the position of minorities was that of married women, especially those with the men of their families fighting overseas. America had been progressing socially as a nation under FDR, but his social reforms had taken a back seat to the war effort. Day care was almost non-existant, and where it was it was impossible to afford. Many stores also chose to keep the same hours they had during peace time and so women who worked late had a hard time getting the items they needed. Married women who had husbands in the workforce were also discriminated against because a common attitude was that the man should be the sole bread-winner of a household and children would be denied proper care if their mothers worked. Many goods that people took for granted disapeared, and with more money than they had seen in years the American public had little to spend it on. Gasoline was rationed and in many cities Sunday driving was banned, those who violated the laws had their gas coupon books taken away. The decrease in driving worked both to save gasoline and to put many new business, which depended on drive-in coustomers, to fail. Most people were given a card that allowed them 2 gallons of gas per week, with unrestricted gas reserved for emercency vehicles, police officers, and a few unscrupulous congressmen. Meat was also rationed at 2lbs per person per week which was very difficult for some people to live with. Conservation and the war effort also found its way into popular fasion. Durring the war shoes could only be found in limmited colors (i. e. 4 shades of brown, and black) and clothes were not allowed to be made with any more material than was absolutly nessisary, pleats, ruffles and other embelishments were thrown out for the durration. (This is one of the reasons why short skirts and bare-backed dresses were all the rage). A black market of rationed goods and consumer goods (such as sheets) was strongly revived during this period, but was not so pervasive as to undermine the system. With money burning holes in their pockets, Americans turned to the entertainmnet industry, which with its glamourous actors and fantastical stories, helped to distract the public from their problems. Also, the governmnet had its own idea about what Americans should do with their extra money, during the war the income tax was introduced to suppliment GI spending and has been with us ever since. One thing I would like to correct from what is stated above is the idea that minorities gained rights as a result of the economic boom and the war effort. What happened is that minorites began to actively fight for their rights after WWII. Women did not want to be thrown out of their positions after the men came home from the war, they liked the freedom of having their own income and enjoyed doing something other than cooking and cleaning. African-Americans also were feircly discriminated dirring this time. It would not be until after the death of FDR that the new president Harry Truman would finally desegrigate the military. This nations minorities were fighting overseas for freedom and equality when in fact they were not given these freedoms at home. After the war, blacks who had served in the military moved out of the south and sought a better life in the north where they could escape the racial caste system which existed there. Jews were also discriminated here as well as in many other countries. We were eager to condemn Hitler for murder and open persecution, but we did not want to take the Jews off of his hands alive. If you need more info, consult this book: ONeil, W. L. (2002). A Democracy at War: Americas Fight At Home and Abroad In World War II. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Most of my ideas come from that text, nothing is quoted directly. Hopefully this helps too!

asia pop. :: essays research papers

Right now there is a major problem involving the population of South Asia. In India’s best years just about half of the population was properly fed because the population was so enormous. Not to add that the foods they get are fruits, vegetables, and rice. This is not a way to live. Also AIDS is a pretty big problem in India. It is estimated that one in five adults will have been diagnosed with the AIDS virus by the year 2003. Because prostitution is legal in parts if India the AIDS virus can spread very quickly. Besides the AIDS rate skyrocketing, the birthrate does too. I have created a plan worldwide to help India and other countries that need help. In my plan most of the Funding will be provided by a simple tax. I plan on raising tobacco costs by 25 cents. Right now the United States makes 400 billion sales in tobacco a year. That means a lot of money would be available after my 25-cent tax. That tax money would go towards India’s government for education. Phase two of my plan I plan on making prostitution illegal in India. That would cut India’s AIDS population by one third. Officers will enforce the streets and the government would not have to pay extra because of the tobacco increase. Tobacco money will build new jails and hire more officers. This will also provide more jobs. Prostitution crimes will receive a minimum of two years in jail (for the first offense). Phase three takes place next year. It is a law that permits families to have no more than one child. The family will receive two thousand dollars for having only one child. If the family has more than one child the family will have to pay a heavy tax of fifteen thousand dollars. If the family cannot afford to pay the tax the father and mother are forced to alternate turns in jail for a minimum of three years. This plan is not harming the individual because they are harming themselves my having children. The plan will be announced now and promoted for future notice. This way next year the plan can take effect. New jails will be built for the people that do not pay the child tax. The next phase of my plan is to educate the country. More tobacco money will be spent on educating all of India.

Economic and more political

Both leaderships considered the state to be the engine of growth and suspected foreign sector development. In China, foreign Investments were prohibited and the mechanism for foreign trade was monopolized by the Ministry of Foreign Trade. In India, the Foreign Exchange Regulatory Act (1974) reduced foreign equity participation from 51 to 40 percent which led to the exit of companies like MOM, Shell and Coca-Cola. Since that time, both governments have significantly liberalized their FED regimes, however, China has been able to attract a much higher level of foreign Investment. ] Beijing initiated the reform process much earlier than New Delhi and both entries are far more â€Å"FED-led† than other developing countries have been in the past. Nonetheless, the experience of these two large, but strikingly different countries underlies the importance of political economy for growth and development. 2]The divergence of attitudes toward FED can be easily explained by the two countri es' different political systems. China has an authoritarian regime where policy-making is generally regarded as a top-down process, and where the government Is able to be flexible In Its decision-making.Additionally, the Chinese leadership has a clear focus n economic growth. In contrast, the formation of policy in democratic India is much slower. Short-term political calculations dominate as there are frequent elections conducted at different levels- national, state, municipal or village. Interest groups are Important constituencies for Indian parties since they have the ability to provide campaign finances and influence voting behavior.That is why for democratic, post- colonial India, allowing foreign investors to earn huge profits at the expense of domestic firms is unthinkable. A further part of the answer lies in the political economy of the local state. In China. Decentralization of economic responsibility and establishment of special economic zones (Sees) was a key feature in foreign sector reform. Local authorities, responsible for the economic growth of their province, undertook many initiatives to ensure that Sees would attract foreign investors.In India, decentralization was less ‘economic' and more ‘political'. It began In the early 1 sass only because central government lacked sufficient political power and was not able to create an efficient coalition without depending on the state governments purport. Thus, local officials have no direct incentives to promote FED and state governments heavily rely on centrally-led strategies. Helmet City- a special economic zone In Hydrated, designed to attract investments in the IT sector, Is a case In point.Every significant aspect of the project, from negotiations with investors to the design FIFO broadly, local bureaucracy in India- epitomized in this case by the license-quota- permit raja- do not perceive themselves as independent actors in terms of economic reform and oblige central government to be responsible for the implementation of placement programs. Such dependence on central government also has an impact on infrastructure. In China local governments have far greater control over local revenues than in India.Under the new fiscal system that resulted from economic decentralization, Chinese provinces entered into negotiated revenue sharing contracts with the central government. This means that local governments are allowed to keep a share of revenue that they collected before handing over a negotiated amount to the central government. The ability to extract these revenues revised them with the financial resources to build a strong infrastructural base to foreign investors and maintaining a reputation for the rapid completion of infrastructure projects. Unlike in China, the tax assignment system in India is imbalanced: most broad-based taxes have been assigned to the center, while taxes narrow in scope are assigned to the states. The impact is that central government has a greater income and less expenditure whereas state governments are collecting less and spending more. This deficit in local state budgets needs to be balanced by entree funds, which in turn means greater central control of the allocation of financial resources to state governments while simultaneously laying responsibility for infrastructure development on them.Since the central government itself is running on the deficit, transfers to state governments must take second place to central consideration. This has resulted in their decline in recent years, throttling state-level infrastructure investments. State governments are not able to quickly and effectively implement these projects, thus decreasing its appeal to FED. Local states eave a little impact on macro-policy issues but they can provide the base that is crucial for attracting foreign enterprises.Local political economy and the coherence of institutional aims provide a partial answer for the promotion of FED in China. I n India, local policy was one of change Within institutions' rather than change ‘of institutions'. Existing bureaucracy had to adapt to a new circumstances within old institutional arrangements instead of following incentives created by newly established institutions Ã'‘ FED in china grew from us$3. 5 billion in 1990 to us$52. 5 billion 2002; excluding mound-tripping, china's FED inflows could fall to us$40 billion. Those to India rose from SIS$O. Billion to SIS$3. 45 billion during the same time period. Even with these adjustment, china attracted about fifteen times more FED than India in 2002 Ã'‘ FED has contributed to the rapid growth of china's merchandise exports, at an annual rate of 15 percent from 1989 to 2001. In 1989, foreign affiliates accounted for less than 9 percent of Chinese export; by 2002 they provided half. In some high-tech industries in 2000, the share of foreign affiliates in exports was over 90 percent, for example, electronics circuits (91 percent) and mobile phones (96 percent). Ã'‘ In India, by contrast, FED has been much less important in driving export growth, except in information technology. FED in Indian manufacturing has been and remains domestic market-seeking. FED accounted for only 3 percent of Indian's exports estimated to account for less than 10 percent of Indian's manufacturing exports. Ã'‘ On the basic economic determinants of inward FED, china does better than India. China's total and per capita GAP are higher than Indian's, marking it more attractive for racket seeking FED.China has higher literacy and education rates making it more attractive to efficiency seeking investors. China has large natural resources endowments. In addition, china's physical infrastructure is more competitive, particularly in the costal areas (CUTS 2010, Marianne corporation economic research institute 2009). But, India may have an advantage in technical manpower, particularly in information technology. It also has better English language skills. Ã'‘ Some of the differences in competitive advantages of the two countries are illustrated by the composition of their inward FED flows.In ‘CT, china has become a key center for hardware design and manufacturing by such companies as Acre, Ericson, General Electric, Hitachi semiconductors, Hounded electronics, Intel, LEG electronics, Microsoft, Imitate international corporation, Motorola, Neck, Monika, Philips, Samsung Electronics, Sony. Taiwan semiconductor manufacturing. Toshiba and other major electronic trans-national corporations (Tan's). India, on the other hand, specializes in IT services, call centers, business back -office operations and R. Rapid growth in china has increased the local demand for customer durables and non durables, such as home appliances, electronics equipment, Automobiles, housing and leisure. This rapid growth in local demand, as well as competitive business environment and infrastructure, have attracted many market seeking inves tors. It has also encouraged the growth of many local indigenous firms that support manufacturing. Ã'‘ Other determinants related to FED attitudes. Policies and procedures also explains why china does better in attracting FED.

Love: Filipino Psychology Essay

Filipino Values for Productivity Values have much to do with the way we act. It is, therefore, important that we understand our Filipino Values. Understanding our own Filipino Values means looking closely into our beliefs, mores, customs, norms, and traditions, examining them closely, looking at their positive and negative polarities, and harnessing the positive polarities of our values as norms of our behavior at work. Our values and norms greatly affected by the several rulers that came on our country. Some norms are inspired by the Spanish rulers; also, some norms are inspired by the Americans, Chinese and Arabs. Thus, with the variety background of our norms, ethical or unethical, we cannot deny the fact that we management to survived from our struggles with the help of our combined norms coming from the different foreign rulers who ruled and help us mold the so called Filipino Values. Even if these values are copied by our ancestors from the different nationality, we tend to claim that these values, combined by the other values we have learned are the values that will consist our own Filipino Values. Values have much to do with the way we act, in the organization, this is truly manifested. As discussed in my first reaction paper, I did presents the strengths of Filipinos in terms of working under an organization. Filipino values for productivity implies the characteristic of Filipinos of hard-work ( masipag at matiyaga). Also, I did present the ability of Filipinos to make use of the little resources available in the workplace. Giving emphasis on the ability of Filipinos of being creativeness depicts a picture of Ma-utak or Madiskarte. Truly Filipinos possessed these strengths but it out weighted by the weaknesses that I will present in this reaction paper. This is from the book of a popular human behavior book author, a Filipino who conducted study in order for him to know the negative values that affect the quality production of Filipinos. Negative values of the Filipinos that affect the quality production are the following: 1. Ningas kugon 2. Bahala na System 3. Baka makalusot Notion 4. May quality controller naman 5. Hindi naman mababawasan sweldo ko 6. Hindi naman malalaman kung sino ang gumagawa ng mali 7. Di na baling ma-reject, may fixer naman 8. Bakit and iba diyan, mas marami pang reject 9. Tahi lang ng tahi 10. Mamaya System. 11. Kahit may reject babayaran pa rin tayo Some of these negative values are mostly seen in a plantation where Filipino workers usually work. To separate the ones that generally manifested even if office and in some other work place, in this reaction paper I will just discuss the necessary values that greatly affect the productivity of us, Filipinos. â€Å"Ningas Kugon ay isang idioma na nangangahulugang sa umpisa lang magaling at kalaunay mag-iiba’t hindi na ipagpapatuloy ang magandang pagsisimula. † To start right and not to continue a good start as you go on to the work. This is a trait that contradicts the essence of hard-work. For Filipinos, first impression is very relevant to build up your image to your boss. Well, this bad, working is not building your image but it is about working to help the organization attain organizational goal. Maybe, you can build up your personal image to your co-employee and boss as your second priority in the organization because I cannot deny the fact that in an organization human relation exist. Doing good from the start will take Juan from humble beginnings to the top if only, he would just continue that good performance from that of the start. The mere point of motivation is being demolished having this kind of trait. This kind of Filipino value is commonly seen in a Campaign Period in an Election. Candidates are here and there, building up and making some name to the people in order for the people to vote for them. In the campaign period they act like he person that could be trusted and the person who will represent them and answer some social problem but when this candidate win and sit in the position, the fairytale is over. In the start, you could see and talk them, but as the time goes by, it will be the opposite. Filipinos are now fighting this kind of situation by which they tend to know the past performance of every candidate and decide who do not have this kind trait. Relating it to productivity, performing good at the start and not continuing that really affects productivity because the product that you will be giving to your customers will be highly observed especially to those customers who are passionately buying your customers. â€Å"Hay nako, nagbago ang lasa ng tinapay nila dati malinamnam ito. † The satisfactory value from the customers is one of the factors that the workers should consider in order to attain success on productivity. â€Å"Ang pagsasawalang-bahala ay isang idioma na nangangahulugan ng pagpapabaya sa isang bagay at iisiping magiging maayos din ang lahat sa bandang huli. † Bahala na means â€Å"I do not care what will happen†. The thought of ‘everything will going to be alright’ also constitutes the this so called Bahala na System. Keep pushing on something that you know it may be not be successful is one of the examples of the bahala na system. Such notion of leaving everything just the way it is and praying that it will going to be okay is the main ideal of this system. For just an example, in a construction project of a bridge, the project team leader knowing that the newly constructed bridge is unstable and not ready to use, but the city government is pushing for its use and then the project team leader let the city government for its use. â€Å"Bahala na, yan ang utos sakin eh†, is the thought of leaving behind the project and not letting yourself be involved in the liabilities. â€Å"Bakit ang iba diyan, mas marami pang mali? † Counting the numbers of your co-worker’s mistakes will not benefit you neither the organization. Filipinos possessed a trait keeps on rotting an organization until it will go down, it is the Crab Mentality. Crab Mentality has to do with the productivity because it one the elements that tend to decrease the average of quality production of Filipino workers. Looking for a loop hole in the personality of your good performing co-employee will is not an act of helping the organization attain its aspired status. Instead of making some rumors about that person, why won’t you make him/her as one of your motivating factor to contribute your efforts to the organization? An exam would be the practice of politicians running for the same position and they present each other’s mistakes and wrong doings in the past to the people. Pulling down those who are trying they best to climb in the ladder of success is one of the Filipino Values that is considered a hindrance on good productivity of the organization. â€Å"Marami pa naming oras, mamaya nalang yan. † Procrastination, this is an act that also, diminishing the essence of hard-work. Filipinos are fan of saying the words – LATER or WAIT FOR A WHILE. We Filipinos have this innate attitude of doing first what is necessary and then doing what you wanted to do. But, having in mind the urgency of the things that needed to be done do not requires a quick action, we tend to postpone it for a while and continue to do the things that you wanted to do. Thinking about when is the deadline of a project and doing the whole project the day before or on the last minute before the submitting hour or day. In the a plantation, procrastination is not observed for the company should produce more than what is demanded in a fixed period of time. Well, in a company producing items this is true, but in an organization running an office giving services, the urgency is observed. Services should always be there, prepared, so when the time comes, if that specific service is needed. In some cases, services that are prepared before an actual demand by the customer is a good quality product. There is this saying by the Filipinos, â€Å"Aanhin pa damo kung patay na ang kabayo†, services or products that are late will result to poor satisfactory feedback from the customers. â€Å"Hindi na baleng ma-reject, may fixer naman na mag-aayos. † Filipinos love on depending everything to something they know that it can help or cure or fix anything they have done wrong or they will do wrong. â€Å"Di bale nalang† means quitting on it or sort of quitting on something and letting it go the way it is. And thinking about the fixer that will easily fix whatever is wrong in the item is the principle of depending on the machine. Instead of making the item in the right manner in order to lessen the use of a fixer machine, Filipinos continue to do the wrong manner of producing the item just meet the deadline. In this point of view you can now see the relationship of procrastination with this trait of depend the item to the machine and to the time of its deadline. With this kind thinking, it manifests the attitude of sacrificing the quality production. The â€Å"Okay na yan† attitude is also one of the elements of this act. Concentrating on quantity and not on the quality of the product is the main thought of this attitude. Filipinos, usually we, as a student would say – â€Å"Okay na yan, basta may maipasa lang† as a â€Å"pampalubag-loob† in not meeting the desired quality of the project or usually in times of examinations. Settling on the quantity produced and not on the quality is not accepted in the organization strictly observing the quality of the products or services being produced. â€Å"Katamaran – ito ay isa sa mga hindi kanaisnais na katangian ng mga Pilipino na kung saan ang mga dapat na gawin ay hindi naisasakatuparan sa kadahilanang nagkukulang and motibo para maigalaw ang kanyang katawan upang magtrabaho’t magbanat ng buto. † To sum up all that is being discussed above, the word laziness is the back bone of such acts and behavior of Filipinos towards productivity. Laziness means not being productive for your organization’s desired status in the future. Lazy, as a song lyric described, it is an act of doing nothing. Laziness is the opposite side of hard-working. Keeping asleep or just lying in your bed could be one of the common acts of laziness. But in the organization, laziness deals about the behaviors of an individual inside the work place showing nothing or no any single accomplishment at all. Laziness is also in line on the idea of not wanting to work inside in the work environment. It indicates the factors of unmotivated or unsatisfied with the management’s way of handling the working conditions they have gone to. Some Filipinos are people who prefer to take a day for a rest and do nothing instead of doing something that are actually to be done on an appropriate time. Some Filipinos tend to do a certain work and as it goes by and by, they will left it unfinished. Some Filipinos work well on the starting period of his job, but eventually take the opportunity to not work effectively in the succeeding time of his job. While some other Filipinos love to depends everything on something that can be the answer for their undertaking. Well, even in any of this behavior you are under, the bottom line will be the picture that depicts Juan, waiting for that ripe guava to fall right into his mouth.

biography on Lady Diana essays

biography on Lady Diana essays Diana, Princess of Whales, formerly Lady Diana Frances Spencer, was born on July 1st 1961 at Park House near Sandringham, Norfolk. Lady Diana was educated first at preparatory school, Riddlesworth Hall at Diss Norfolk, and then in 1974 went as a boarder to West Heath, near Sevenoaks, Kent. At school she showed a particular talent for music, as an accomplished artist, and dancing and domestic science. She won the schools award for the giving maximum help to the school and her school- fellows. She got married to Prince Charles at St. Pauls Cathedral in London on July 29th 1981, in a international televised ceremony. Lady Diana had two sons. Prince William Arthur Phillip Louis, and Prince Henry Charles David. In December 1992 it was announced that the Prince and Princess of Whales had agreed to Lady Diana was so involved in the official duties of the royal family. Although Lady Diana was renowned for her style and was closely associated with the fashion world, patronizing and raising the profile of younger British designers, she was best known for her charitable work. During her marriage, the Princess was president in over 100 charities. Lady Diana did much to publicize work on behalf of the homeless and also disabled people, children and people with HIV/Aids. In December 1993, the princess announced that she would be reducing the extent of her public life in order to combine a meaningful public role with a more private life. Lady Diana visited many countries including Germany, U.S.A, Pakistan, Switzerland, Hungary, Egypt, Belgium, France, South Africa, Zimbabwe and Nepal so she can help other charities. The Year before he death, Lady Diana was an active campaigner for the ban on the manufacture and use of land mines. In January 1997 she visited Angola as part of h ...

Personal Recruiter InMail and Other Communication Strategies That Work

Personal Recruiter InMail and Other Communication Strategies That Work Getting Personal with LinkedIn InMail Today I read an article by Catherine Byers Breet, a self-proclaimed â€Å"recovering recruiter,† on â€Å"How to contact a recruiter on LinkedIn.† As you can imagine, recruiters get bombarded by InMails and connection requests every day, and it truly takes something to grab their attention. The same goes for other decision makers. But don’t let this stop you. Getting the right person to open your InMail might not be as hard as you think. The question is, how can you write an InMail to a recruiter or other decision maker that they will actually read? First Things First You need the capability to send InMail in order to send an InMail – which means you probably need to invest in a premium subscription. Or, you might be able to send an attention-getting connection request and communicate via regular messaging after that, but you’ll have a more difficult time without InMail. Get Personal After handling the logistics, it’s a simple trick to inspire people to open messages: Write something personal! Yep. That’s it. All you need to do to increase the open rate on your InMails is to establish a personal connection. If you don’t, you can be sure that approximately half of your intended recipients will not read what you’ve written. Nevertheless, you’d be surprised how many people don’t bother to take a few minutes to customize a message when seeking to get what they want. The response to their generalized outreach? Radio silence. The Bystander Principle at Work It’s not just on LinkedIn where people are getting lazy about their communications. Take this situation I encountered recently: â€Å"I sent out my blog to everyone in my network and asked them to comment, and not a single person did it!† lamented a new blogger friend of mine. What do you think went wrong here? Perhaps her friends read her blog and were afraid to tell her they didn’t like it. Sure, that’s plausible. Perhaps she has low quality connections who don’t support her enough to do what she asks. Kinda doubtful. What’s more likely, I think, is that she did not personalize her invitations sufficiently. When I first started blogging, I went to my closest and most thoughtful friends and family, and specifically, individually asked them to read and comment on my articles. They all helped me out, and many of them still comment on my articles to this day. Thousands of others read the articles and don’t say or do anything. (Hmmmm†¦. Maybe I should be asking more people in my network for their feedback on specific articles!) The fact is, when people get what looks like a general email with a request, they often don’t do what they’re asked. They’re so busy! And anyway, someone else will do it if they don’t, right? Wrong. You might have heard of the â€Å"bystander effect,† a phenomenon where a crowd of people will stand by and not help someone in need; people don’t feel important or needed when they are the recipient of a generic request. But if someone points and says â€Å"You – I need you to call 911!†, the person will almost always help. I kept this phenomenon in mind on my birthday this year, when instead of creating a Facebook event, I wrote individual messages to people I wanted to invite. This was a riskier strategy than sending out a generic invitation, and I was more vulnerable. The result? My friends felt wanted and actually scheduled their Father’s Day plans around my birthday party. It worked! Getting Personal with LinkedIn InMail When you’re not reaching out to friends who have an automatic personal connection with you, you need to establish one. Breaking through that barrier might be as simple as mentioning a mutual connection (someone you really know). Or you could refer to an article written by the person you want to connect with, or that mentions the person. All these points of connection can be found with simple LinkedIn searches. If your LinkedIn investigations come up blank, try googling the person and their company. Look at their blog if they have one, or their company website. You’re likely to find some interesting information that you can use as a conversation starter. Ms. Byers Breet discovered a mutual interest in SCUBA diving with her intended connection and was able to get creative with that, going so far as to mention seahorses in her subject line! She got a response within 10 minutes. If you’re not so fortunate as to discover an eclectic mutual interest, you can always try the direct approach. Byers Breet suggests: â€Å"I’m a healthcare data analyst. Do you ever need folks like me?† Another pointer: The shorter the better. Start with your main point and don’t go much beyond that. You’ll need to catch their attention in the first 255 characters, which is what will appear in the notification about your message. I highly recommend Byers Breet’s article for sample emails to recruiters that include humor and sizzle. Model after those, whether you’re writing to a recruiter or someone else! Do you see anywhere in your life where you’re sending out a general request when a personalized one would work better? Please share – and if you try something new, please report the results!

Constitutional Amendment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Constitutional Amendment - Essay Example Though America was built by immigrants and is billed as the ‘land of opportunity,’ there is one job opportunity that is not open to foreigners, or those born to U.S. citizens who happen to be traveling at the time of their birth. The office of the presidency is available to natural-born citizens. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 prevents discrimination in the hiring process but the top job in the White House is the one exception, hardly a shining example for a country that prides itself on diversity and tolerance and backs this concept with legislation meant to ensure these values are made into law. The provision in the Constitution is outdated and should be amended. According to the United States Constitution, Article II Section I, â€Å"no person except a natural born citizen, or a citizen of the United States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution shall be eligible to the office of President† (United States Constitution). This phrase means that persons who are not born in the U.S., whether they were adopted as a small infant by American parents or are a child of Americans but born outside the country are ineligible for the presidency. Many people believe that this is patently unfair and should be changed by amending the Constitution. The first of many arguments for such an amendment is located in the phrase in question, ‘at the time of the adoption of this Constitution.’ This implies that though the Founding Fathers believed it to be a good idea at the time, they did not intend for this clause to never be amended. During the decade of the 1990’s, American parents adopted approximately 100,000 children who were born in countries outside the U.S. This foreign adoption trend is rising because the U.S. is a very wealthy nation proportionate to many other regions of the world and adoption has become an increasingly acceptable method by which to